Greenhouse construction.



APPLICATION FILED JULY 5, 1913.

PatentedA June 23, 1914 4 SHEETS-SHBET l..

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INVENTOH A. EGHHORN.

GREENHOUSE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5, 1913.

51,101,418. I Pai-,embed June 23,1914,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIM/8858 Ana/mns A. EICHHORN.

GREENHOUSE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5. 1913.

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Patented June z3, 19M;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

` Amm/Em 1111;' all sTATEs PATENT ormoni. A

AUGUSTUS EICHHORN, ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

` 'vfTo all whom t may concern: v Be -it known that l, AUGUSTUS EICHHORN,

a citizen ofthe United Statesand a resident' of Orange, in the county of Essex andA State of New Jersey have inventeda new and Im roved Green onse Construction, of fwhich tiie following is a full, clear, and exact'description. E l

f This invention relates to greenhouse and general objects to provide an `improved r substantial. design, due to the fact that the 'entire framework is kmade'of iron and only sufficient wood is employed to carry the' 'glass panesor lights, so that the glass will .l fnotfbe-crackedor brokenbyf. thechanges in4 dimension of thegreenhouse under the ex` pansion and. contractionoftheme'tal parts. "vllAspeclc object. of theinvention is to so zarran'ge the ane-carryl,ngharsl with respect fmetal framework of the greenhouse, which i i A .latter may also have simple or compound curvedeavesif desired.,l v A .further object is-'the provision .of an imecef and a' channelcap disposed thcreover .and-.to which channel cap the upper ventila- `torsarehinged in-.such ya :manner that the -f` :fi-Q .cap'eectively covers the upper edges of the ventilators, makingweathertight )oi-nts. Another object-is the employment of chan- 1 j `nel orboxheaders for receiving the u per ends mithe pane-carryingq-wooden. ars,

which headers'form' 'plates`'o'n which the 1 upperventilatorsy rest when 'in closed positron.

bars" uredftothe raftersby commoniwood sc rthel-ikerwith the interposition of orf-other ivas'hersfbetween the wooden paneeholding hars and rafters, so as to maintain the bars out lof contact with the 'metal Specification of Letters Patent. *APPICMZUII le July 5, 1913. Serial. N0. 777,577-

conservat'ory constructions and it has forits,

r`fstriicture which is of extremely durable andy .tovthemetalramework that the bars are aproximatelyy whollyy out -of ,contact rwith the` the. p urlin; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary :proved ridge consistingof a 'lf-shaped ridge-l Anether object is the revision of an iron frameworkconslstmg yo prmcip'al and com-y mon` raftersfand purl1ns,- with pane-holdlng- Patented 23, 1914.

structure and provide for the vfree circulation of air under the bars. With these objects in view, and others as willappear as the description'proceeds, the invention comprises variousv novel features of construction and arran ement vof 'parts which will be more fully escribetl hereinafter and set forth particularly in the claims ap ended hereto. f i

n the .accompanying drawingsf which illustrate 'one embodiment of theunve'ntion, and wherein similar reference characters are employed todesignate corresponding parts' throughout the several views, Figui-e1 is a fragmentary view of a side of a greenhouse 7o constructed according to the present invention; Fig. -2 is a vertical sectionfon theline 2 2 oFig. `1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view 0n the line 3--3' of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the'eave ortion of a 75" main rafter; Fig. 5 is asection viewtaken throughthe wooden glass-holding bar and a rafter' strip thereunder, and ,showing the means :for connecting them together land to a Purlin; Fig. 6 is a section onthe line 5-5 l80 the pane-holding bars to the metalstructure at the main rafters; Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line'7-f7 of Fig. 4, to'show the man- `ner ofconnecting the pane-holding bars to the principal rafters at points intermediate erspective view of one of the common ra ers 1 .and adjacent pane-holding bars; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view of a reiter, purlin and rater; and ig. 10 is an enlarged sectional' vview of the box header forl the pane-holding bar and `the relation of said-header. tothe main rafters and upper ventilators. 95 Referring to the drawing, A designates the brick or other masonry wall of` the Greenhouse; and'B is a .metal framework orming Itherk superstructure of Jthegreenhouse. 'Thissuperstructure-comprises rinl100 'cipal rafters 11 resting'jonl cast yiron -si ls 2,:

and common rafters lorstrips 3,*whicl1have their lower ends resting on a pole plate-1 4fastened to. the main rafters ata suitable elevation above the sill 2. The upper ends of the principal rafters at one side ofthe greenhouse are connectediwith corresponding principal'. rafters at the opposite side 'by plates-5 which form the base portions of` king posts r6 that suppnrt the ridge piece 110.

tter or drainstrip on thel or plate '7, the latterbeing of T-Shaped cross-section yand having disposed over the top thereof a. channel cap`8. Extending transversely to' the suitable distance below `the ridge of the greenhouse are channel or box headers 9 between which and the ridge at both sides .of the latter are formed Ventilating open- '15 f' tilators extending under the side members i 1 13' of this channel cap,

' pol suitable manner, as, 4for instance,

ings 10 that are adapted to be u per ventilators or sashes 11. These ventilators may be of such length as to extend from one main rafter to another and they are connected at their upper edges by hinges l12 tothe side webs or members 13 of the channel cap 8, the upper edges of the vencipal and common rafters, purlins, ridge and sill is rigid and permanent; and the means for holding the glass panes or lights C'consists of wooden bars "16 and 17 such as are :commonly employed in/ greenhouses, The bars 16l are arrangedrat the principal rafters and hence are 17 arranged at the common` rafters. 'bars' may be/c/urved by steaming, or. any .other -process,^where the rea'vfes lof theV greenhouse are simple or compound curves. The lower ends ofy the' glass-'holding bars 16 and '17 bear on the pole plates 4, while theupper l yends of the bars are` received in the chambrsiof the box headers V9.

The lights 3 are laidin the usual manner in putty 18 placed in the rabbets 19 of the bars, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 to 7, and the edges of the bars may be formed with .drainv channels if `desired. rlfhe panes. of glass at the upper -n-ds IO' the bars 16 and. 17 are inserted in the headers 9, and the entire space between adjacent glass-holding'bars and between the lassand upper flange-of the header 9 is j ed with putty 21, so that atight joint is obtained, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. `The wooden bars 16 and 17 are held out of conwhich. extend the screws 23 or other fasyiten r's'f'xwhich,hold thel bars onthe rafters.

in Fig. 8, the common V'rafters are strips of metal disposed with i fi,

their flat surfaces parallel 'with the. glass voffthe greenhouse orparallel with the-under principal rafters at a' closed by wooden'part of the greenhouse,

The'metal structure formediby the' prinlwider than the barsV '.'LlieseI "tact from, the rafters by brass or other sepavtion -and ofthe' ap Vreadily understeod.vv

surface of the glass-holding bars, and the screws 23 pass centrally through the common rafters and vscrew centrally into the glass-holding bar's17. Where the common rafters cross the purlins, as shown in Fig. 5, the screws 23 pass through openings 1in the purlins, and if' desired the screws at these points may b'e longer than those used at other points. wider bars 16 to the principal rafters the latter may be provided with L-shaped brackets 24, Fig. 7, for receiving the screws 23 which fasten the wooden bars tofthe principal rafters. Where the purlins are joined with the principal rafters, 'as in Fig. 6, the brackets 24 are unnecessary, since the screws 23 will pass through openings in the purlins. By the use of the separators22 the In order 'to secure the wooden bars are held out of contact with the metal framework so thatair can freely circulate under the bars and keep the same comparatively dry, and as a result the although easily removable Iwhen renewal is required, is capable of enduring for a long time.

,The vapor that condenses on the upper ventilators 11 is adapted to be collected by a drip member o r shed 26, whichLas shown in Figs. V'1, 2, 3 and 10 is fastened to the header 9 sloping from the middle thereof downwardly tothe which the water is ldischar drip member 26. On the ottom edge of each principal rafter is a drain, or gutter strip 27 which has opposite edges projectin from the sides of the principal rafters and vformed into channels or gutters 27 down.

which the water runs to discharge on the sills 2. e

By reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 4:' it will be seen that Ventilating openings are formed between the` sill 2` and` pole plateA: and between principal rafters 1, Iwhich o enings are ',provided. with ventilators 30 t at are connected by hinges 31 to the metalframework. Over the ventilators 31 are mounted strips 32 that form sheds for directing rain that falls down they glass outwardlyv tofdrip into the gutter 33. The gutter has a back flange 34 that 1s bolted or otherwise fastened 4to the sill 2, this back py rtion 34:` of the gutstrip, andv to' thel ter being an 'angle iro horizontal flange thereof. is secured a front member 35, of any desired cross-sectional form. A, gutter of this character is Accmparatively inexpensive-to make andissupported directly by the sill.l Y y From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying vdrawings,the advantages of the method of o eraaratus shown wi 'be l y,'those skilledain.. the art to whichl the .invention1 appertainsfaand whileI have described the apparatusxwhich principal rafters'upon- Ved by the said I now Aconsider to be-the bestembodinent .the rafters,

thereof, I desire have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that such changes may be made when desired as are Within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described iny invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1.. A greenhouse construction comprising a framework consisting of principal and common rafters and purlins, glass-holding bars having their full length disposed over means for securing certain of the bars to the principal rafters, fasteners securing the remaining bars to the common rafters, certain of the said fasteners passing through the purlins for fastening the coniinon rafters thereto, and means for separating the said bars from the rafters to provide therebetween air circulating spaces.

2. A greenhouse ridge composed of a T-shaped ridge plate and a channel cap applied thereto, rafters connected with the ridge, and `ventilators fastened to and having their `upper edges extending under the side members of the cap.

3. A greenhouse construction including a a ridge composed oi construction including a' ridge composed of a T-shaped. ridge plate and a channel cap applied thereto, rafters connected with the ridge, ventilators, and hinges connecting the ventilators with the side ineinbers of the cap and holding the ventilators when in closed position With their upper edges under the side members of the cap.

et, A greenhouse construction comprising a Tshaped ridge plate and a channel cap placed with its open bottom side over the top of the ridge plate, whereby its side members extend downwardly along the sides of the ridge plate, rafters connected with the ridge plate, and ventilators fastened to the ridge with their upper edges extending under the `side members of the cap, whereby said side members form means for shedding the rain from the joints between the upper edges of the ventilators and ridge plate.

In testimony whereof I have name to this specification in the two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUSTUS EICHHURNc Witnesses:

C; BRADLAY, PHILIP D; RoLLHAUs.

signed my presence of 

